Вулкан Ключевской — один из самых молодых и активных вулканов Камчатки. Имеются достоверные сведения о 48 эксплозивных и эксплозивно-эффузивных его извержениях (http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/volc.php?name=Klyuchevskoy&lang=en). Каждое эруптивное событие уникально (характер извержения, его продолжительность, изменение состава ювенильного вещества в течение извержения и т. д.) и да¼т новые данные о вулкане и эволюции его магматической системы. В работе показан ход извержения вулкана в 2015 г., привед¼н состав его вещества.

A large explosive eruption of Young Shiveluch Volcano took place on February 27,2005. The event gave rise to an eruption cloud depositing ash over an area of about 25000 km2 in Kamchatka, part of the ash falling in the Sea of Okhotsk: a pyroclastic flow was extending in five branches for 25 km from the volcanic dome, minor mud flows were recorded. The Novyi lava dome decreased in height by about 130 m.

For a general representation about the movement of pyroclastic flows in chutes at the foot of lava domes on andesitic volcanoes we constructed of a pioneering facility for simulation of pyroclastic flows. In our series of experiments we used pseudo-fluid as a model for that sort of flow. The results of this study show that the motion of pseudo-fluid has a wave-like (undeveloped turbulent) nature. Likely it is a turbulent movement of pyroclastic flows that determines the structural features of chutes at the foot of the volcano lava domes – their wave-like walls and cascade-like bottom.

Karymsky is one of the most active volcanoes of Kamchatka. In the past two years, single powerful explosions with ash removal up to 8–10 km a. s. l. were noted. The explosive event of April 19, with the rise of an ash cloud up to 10 km a. s. l., occurred against the background of a continuous emission of ash from the volcano. Due to the high cyclonic activity near Kamchatka, the ash cloud on April 19–21 stretched into a 1000 km long band from southeast to northeast. The northern part of the eruptive cloud was drawn into the Arctic zone by another cyclone. The area of the ash cloud was over 246 thousand km 2. In addition to the eruptive one, a large cloud of sulfur dioxide was well manifested at the beginning of the eruption. A cloud slightly saturated with sulfur dioxide was observed over the Arctic zone on April 21–22. A detailed description of the explosive event of the volcano and the spread of the ash cloud was performed based on the study of various satellite data in the information system “Remote monitoring of the activity of the volcanoes of the Kamchatka and the Kuriles” (VolSatView, http://kamchatka.volcanoes.smislab.ru).

The volcanoes of Kamchatka are the most active in the world. Annually, from 3 to 7 volcanoes produce eruptions, during which the explosions eject ash to 10−15 km above sea level, and ash clouds spread thousands of kilometers from volcanoes. Strenuous volcanic activity could cause ash falls in towns and settlements, destruction of forests and communications. Ash clouds and plumes pose a serious threat to the present-day jet aviation. Since 1993, the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) has conducted daily monitoring of Kamchatka volcanoes to mitigate volcanic hazards to airline operations and population. Since 2014, satellite monitoring of volcanoes is carried out by KVERT scientists using the VolSatView information system that since 2016 has utilized data from Himawari-8 geostationary satellite. The system has created special tools that allow us to work with promptly received data, as well as analyze series of long-term observations. Using data from Himawari-8, as well as the tools implemented in VolSatView to work with them, enables to: significantly raise the efficient response to detection of explosive events in the region; identify the onset of eruptive events with an accuracy of 10 minutes or less; track and forecast all changes in the dynamics of volcanic activity, including the near onset of strong explosive events. The paper describes the technology features for integrating Himawari-8 data into VolSatView and the main possibilities of working with them, implemented now
in the system.