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Ebeko volcano, Kuril Islands: eruptive history and potential volcanic hazards. Part I (1994)
Melekestsev I.V., Dvigalo V.N., Kirianov V.Yu., Kurbatov A.V., Nesmachnyi I.A. Ebeko volcano, Kuril Islands: eruptive history and potential volcanic hazards. Part I // Volcanology and Seismology. 1994. Vol. 15. № 3. P. 339-354.
   Аннотация
The eruptive history of Ebeko Volcano is described since its origin about 2400 years ago until the beginning of the 17th century. Six stages of increased activity each lasting 200-300 years were separated by repose periods of the same duration. The eruption of juvenile material (lava and pyroclastics) took place at the first stage only (420-200 B.C.). All eruptions that followed were phreatic events of varying vigor. It is shown that, except for the first eruptive stage, the main volcanic hazard for the Ebeko area and the town of Severo-Kurilsk near by comes from large lahars and tephra fallout. -from Journal summary
Ebeko volcano, Kuril Islands: eruptive history and potential volcanic hazards. Part II (1994)
Melekestsev I.V., Dvigalo V.N., Kirianov V.Yu., Kurbatov A.V., Nesmachnyi I.A. Ebeko volcano, Kuril Islands: eruptive history and potential volcanic hazards. Part II // Volcanology and Seismology. 1994. Vol. 15. № 4. P. 411-430.
   Аннотация
Consequences of the Ebeko eruptions in the 17th-20th centuries have been reconstructed, using historical records, tephrochronological study, and air photographs. It is shown that all eruptions were phreatic and phreatomagmatic with a heat source of a strongly heated dike-sill complex of more than 1 km3 volume. It is supposed that the main potential hazard for Severo-Kurilsk city and adjacent area may be connected with large-volume lahar flows along the Kuzminka and Matrosskaya Rivers, which are sourced on Ebeko Volcano. Lesser hazard is expected from ashfalls of this and other volcanoes of the north Kurils and south Kamchatka. -from Journal summary
Effects of caldera collapse on magma decompression rate: An example from the 1800 14C yr BP eruption of Ksudach Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia (2010)
Andrews Benjamin J., Gardner James E. Effects of caldera collapse on magma decompression rate: An example from the 1800 14C yr BP eruption of Ksudach Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia // Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 2010. Vol. 198. № 1–2. P. 205 - 216. doi: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.08.021.
   Аннотация
Caldera collapse changes volcanic eruption behavior and mass flux. Many models of caldera formation predict that those changes in eruption dynamics result from changes in conduit and vent structure during and after collapse. Unfortunately, no previous studies have quantified or described how conduits change in response to caldera collapse. Changes in pumice texture coincident with caldera formation during the 1800 14C yr BP KS1 eruption of Ksudach Volcano, Kamchatka, provide an opportunity to constrain magma decompression rates before and after collapse and thus estimate changes in conduit geometry. Prior to caldera collapse, only white rhyodacite pumice with few microlites and elongate vesicles were erupted. Following collapse, only gray rhyodacite pumice containing abundant microlites and round vesicles were erupted. Bulk compositions, phase assemblages, phenocryst compositions, and geothermometry of the two pumice types are indistinguishable, thus the two pumice types originated from the same magma. Geothermobarometry and phase equilibria experiments indicate that magma was stored at 100–125 MPa and 895 ± 5 °C prior to eruption. Decompression experiments suggest microlite textures observed in the white pumice require decompression rates of > 0.01 MPa s− 1, whereas the textures of gray pumice require decompression at ~ 0.0025 MPa s− 1. Balancing those decompression rates with eruptive mass fluxes requires conduit size to have increased by a factor of ~ 4 during caldera collapse. Slower ascent through a broader conduit following collapse is also consistent with the change from highly stretched vesicles present in white pumice and to round vesicles in gray pumice. Numerical modeling suggests that the mass flux and low decompression rates during the Gray phase can be accommodated by the post-collapse conduit developing a very broad base and narrow upper region.
Effusive eruptions of silicic magmas and mechanism of the deep degassing of aqueous magmas (2004)
Maximov A.P. Effusive eruptions of silicic magmas and mechanism of the deep degassing of aqueous magmas // IV International Biennial Workshop on Subduction Processes emphasizing the Japan-Kurile-Kamchatka-Aleutian Arcs. August 21-27, 2004, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. 2004. P. 148-151.
Emissions of trace elements during the 2012–2013 effusive eruption of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka: enrichment factors, partition coefficients and aerosol contribution (2014)
Zelenski M., Malik N., Taran Yu. Emissions of trace elements during the 2012–2013 effusive eruption of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka: enrichment factors, partition coefficients and aerosol contribution // Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 2014. Vol. 285. P. 136 - 149. doi: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.08.007.
   Аннотация
Abstract Gases and aerosols from the 2012–13 effusive eruption of Tolbachik basaltic volcano, Kamchatka, were sampled in February and May, 2013, from a lava tube window located 300 m from the eruptive crater; temperature at the sampling point was 1060–1070 °C. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the sampled gases (92.4 H2O, 3.5 CO2, 2.3 SO2 on average; δD from − 25.0 to − 38.6‰) correspond to a typical volcanic arc gas without dilution by meteoric or hydrothermal water. Halogen contents in the gases (1.37 HCl, 0.5 HF) were higher than average arc values. The total amount of analyzed metallic and metalloid (trace) elements in the gas exceeded 665 ppm. Six most abundant trace elements, K (250 ppm), Na (220 ppm), Si (74 ppm), Br (48 ppm), Cu (21 ppm) and Fe (12 ppm), accounted for 95 of the total content of trace elements in the gas. The gases contained 24 ppb Re, 12 ppb Ag, 4.9 ppb Au and 0.45 ppb Pt. Refractory rock-forming elements (Mg, Al, Ca) and some other elements such as Ba and Th were transported mainly in the form of silicate microspheres and altered rock particles. The concentrations of metals in the eruptive Tolbachik gases are higher than the corresponding concentrations in high-temperature fumaroles worldwide, although the mutual ratios of the elements are approximately the same. The gas/magma partition coefficients of eleven elements exceed unity, including the non-metals F, S, Cl, Br, As, Se and Te and the rare metals Cd, Re, Tl and Bi. Despite the relatively low concentrations of trace elements in the volcanic gases at the highest temperatures, superficial magma degassing provides information on the sources and sinks of metals.
Enterance magma temperature, formation, dimensions and evolution of magma chambers of volcanoes (1981)
Fedotov S.A. Enterance magma temperature, formation, dimensions and evolution of magma chambers of volcanoes // Arc Volcanism: Physics and Tectonics. Proceedings of a 1981 IAVCEI Symposium, Arc Volcanism, August-September, 1981, Tokyo and Hakone. Tokyo: Terra Scientific Publishing Co. 1981. P. 90
Eruption Forecasting of Volcanoes in Kamchatka and Kurile Islands (1988)
Fedotov S.A. Eruption Forecasting of Volcanoes in Kamchatka and Kurile Islands // Kagoshima International Conference on Volcanoes: Proceedings of the International Conference on Volcanoes, Japan, Kagoshima, 19-23 July 1988. Kagoshima: Kagoshima Prefectural Government. 1988. P. 172-178.
Eruption of Piip Crater (Kamchatka) (1968)
Gorshkov G.S., Kirsanov I.T. Eruption of Piip Crater (Kamchatka) // Bulletin Volcanologique. 1968. Vol. 32. Vol. 1. P. 269-282. doi: 10.1007/BF02596594.
Eruption warning systems for aviation in Russia: a 2007 status report (2007)
Neal C.A., Girina O.A., Senyukov S.L., Rybin A.V., Osiensky J., Hall T., Nelson K., Izbekov P. Eruption warning systems for aviation in Russia: a 2007 status report // 4th International Workshop on Volcanic Ash. Natural Hazards. New Zealand. 2007. 2007. P. 1-7.
Eruptions in the Northern Group of Volcanoes, in Kamchatka, during the Early 21st Century (2020)
Ozerov A.Yu., Girina O.A., Zharinov N.A., Belousov A.B., Demyanchuk Yu.V. Eruptions in the Northern Group of Volcanoes, in Kamchatka, during the Early 21st Century // Journal of Volcanology and Seismology. 2020. Vol. 14. P. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0742046320010054.
   Аннотация
The early 21st century saw increased eruption activity of major volcanoes in the Northern Group of Kamchatka, namely, Sheveluch, Klyuchevskoy, Bezymianny, and the Tolbachik Fissure Zone. The growth of an extrusive dome on Sheveluch andesitic volcano has occurred, with the dome reaching a height of 600 m after 38 years of nearly uninterrupted eruption activity. An 8-year period of relative quiet was followed by ten summit eruptions and two lateral vent openings on the Klyuchevskoy basaltic volcano. Explosive–effusive eruptions were observed nearly every year on the Bezymianny andesitic volcano. A 36-year quiet period gave way to a new eruption in the Tolbachik regional fissure zone.