Development history and character of activity of the active volcanoes of south-Kamchatka group Mutnovsky and Gorely volcanoes which are the closest to the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky are described. They are popular objects of cognitive and sporting tourism. Geological map, schemes and descriptions of the excursion routes are given. They let us to acquaint with the brightest manifestations of volcanism, structure formation and gas-hydrothermal activity connected with it, with a nature of Mutnovsko-Gorelovsky region.
Edition is directed to the wide range of readers who has an interest in volcanic geology and nature of Kamchatka students of local lore, naturalists and tourists.

This is the final article that describes various for petro- and oreogenesis consequences of the contamination of nickel-bearing magma with siliceous material (quartzites), which led to the replacement of ultrabasic ore-hosting rocks (cortlandites) with ultramafic (amphibole orthopyroxenites). Besides, the paper describes the products of metamagmatic variations of pyroxene ore cumulates in biotite-amphibole rocks inported by water-potassium fluid. The author shows the unconventional results of fluid influence on similar cumulates with relics of quartzite xenoliths accompanied by the formation of ore granophyric autobreccies, as well as ore-bearing derivatives from the process of magma mixing (auto-contamination). We introduce an intraformational classification of copper-nickel ores by their associations with host rocks of different composition and origin — from juvenile magmatic ultrabasites, contaminated and ultramafites and melanodiorites to hybrid granitoids. The dynamics of the formation of intrusive ore-magmatic systems and the plausible reason of differences in the ore content of large and small intrusions are discussed.

The article presents a discussion of contaminants in nickeliferous magmas of various composition and phase as metamorphic rocks and fluids. It describes distribution of different solid-phase contaminants (xenoliths) in intrusions and compositionally different accumulative rocks. Xenogenic material is represented both by host rocks with intrusions and deeper rocks with no surface outcropping. In order to estimate contamination effect on the variety of accumulative rock series and location of sulphide ores as a benchmark standard we use similar data on a ore-bearing intrusive rocks formed by nearly non-contaminated high-magnesian (parental) magma. Besides, the article describes contamination of magma by high-alumina coal slates as well as variety of forming series of its cumulative rocks and exotic floatation graphite-sulphide ores in aluminous granodiorites in one of the intrusive bodies.

Освещаются закономерности долговременного развития вулканического процесса, место и роль в нем вулкано-тектонического образования структур на основе широкого комплекса геологических, петрографических и микрозондовых минералогических данных. Обсуждается происхождение сложнодифференцированной серии изверженных пород с признаками толеитовых и известково-щелочных и взаимосвязь их вулканических и плутонических фаций.

Гореловский вулканический центр располагается в пределах интенсивной отрицательной гравитационной аномалии. Его развитие включает формирование дацит-андезитовой докальдерной постройки, образование крупной кальдеры при извержении >100 км3 игнимбритов и пемз, формирование субкольцевого комплекса многовыходного дацит-базальтового вулканизма и сложной внутрикальдерной базальтоидной постройки современного вулкана Горелый с рифтовой системой на нем. По данным детальных геолого-петрологических и тефрохронологических исследований освещаются закономерности развития центра и его магмопитающей системы, меняющейся от глубоко- и крупноочаговой центральной к центрально-трещинной с небольшим приповерхностным очагом при возрастании доли базальтоидов в продуктах деятельности центра.

MONITORING OF ACTIVE KAMCHATKAN VOLCANOES
USING REMOTE METHODS IN 2005
Sergey L. Senyukov, Svetlana Y. Droznina, Irina N. Nuzhdina,
Valentina T. Garbuzova, and Tatiana Y. Kozhevnikova
Kamchatkan Branch of the Geophysical Survey of the RAS, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, RUSSIA
e-mail: ssl@emsd.ru
Kamchatkan Branch of the Geophysical Survey (KBGS) RAS has being monitored
volcanic activity since February 2000 (http://emsd.iks.ru/~ssl/monitoring/main.htm)
using three remote methods: 1) Seismic monitoring is a leading method (processing and
interpretation of the data from automatic telemetric seismic stations); 2) Visual and video
observation; 3) Satellite observation. Processing and interpretation of the sensor AVHRR
data from satellite NOAA. Data from KCCM (Kamchatsky Centre of Communication
and Monitoring).
In 2005, Sheveluch, Kluchevskoy, Bezymianny and Karymsky volcanoes had the
eruptions. Successful short-term eruption predictions (time and size) for Bezymianny and
Klyuchevskoy volcanoes were made by Research Laboratory of Seismic and Volcanic
Activity (KBGS) and passed to Kamchatkan Branch of Russian Advisory Council.