Academician of RAS S.A. Fedotov had carried out volcanological and seismological observations in Kamchatka in 1957-2002 and has headed them during decades in position of the Director of the Institute of Volcanology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1971-2002. More than 20 his articles and studies printed in 1973-2002 are placed in this book. Different aspects of the investigations mentioned above related to a period of their highest rise in Kamchatka are considered. Their history, developments, tasks and problems, organization, great natural and scientific events, results and vitally important applications are described. The book is prepared for specialists in Earth’s sciences, volcanologists, seismologists, geologists, geophysicists, geochemists especially for teachers and students, all readers which are interested in history and achievements of science in Russia, in volcanoes and earthquakes, and in problem of defence against the high seismic danger in Kamchatka.

Academician of RAS S.A. Fedotov had carried out volcanological and seismological observations in Kamchatka in 1957-2002 and has headed them during decades in position of the Director of the Institute of Volcanology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1971-2002. More than 20 his articles and studies printed in 1973-2002 are placed in this book. Different aspects of the investigations mentioned above related to a period of their highest rise in Kamchatka are considered. Their history, developments, tasks and problems, organization, great natural and scientific events, results and vitally important applications are described. The book is prepared for specialists in Earth’s sciences, volcanologists, seismologists, geologists, geophysicists, geochemists especially for teachers and students, all readers which are interested in history and achievements of science in Russia, in volcanoes and earthquakes, and in problem of defence against the high seismic danger in Kamchatka.

Mechanism of activity of the giant basaltic Klyuchevskoy volcano is stadied. Magma overpressure in its feeding system, surrounding rocks heating, amount and concentration of numerous radial dykes beneath the volcano at distances up to 20 km are calculated. It is shown that basaltic magmas of the Klyushevskoy volcano should be formed during their ascent through the crust and have to be accumulated in it. Results are compared with data on volcano eruptions, on the structure of the crust and earthquakes beneath the volcano. The state of the volcano and its unstable upper cone, and probable features of its next large eruptions are estimated.

В книге приводятся и обобщаются результаты многолетних исследований автора по фундаментальным проблемам вулканологии и многих связанных с ней наук. Отобраны 20 статей из 125 работ 1961—2004 гг. Основные исследования выполнялись в области Курило-Камчатской дуги. В I части книги рассматриваются связи вулканизма с сейсмичностью и свойствами верхней мантии, подъём магм в астеносфере и литосфере к вулканам. Во II части исследуются магматические питающие системы («корни») вулканов, их образование, свойства и деятельность, рассчитываются их магматические очаги, каналы и дайки. В III части приведены работы по математическому моделированию магматических очагов и каналов. Найденные свойства и закономерности применяются для выяснения механизма извержений вулканов разного типа. Результаты развивают представления о природе и теорию глубинных магматических и вулканических процессов, могут использоваться при изучении проблем происхождения магм и петрологии, для определения вулканической опасности и прогноза развития извержений, изучения геотермальных ресурсов.

Для учёных, преподавателей и специалистов в области наук о Земле, вулканологии, геофизики, геохимии, сейсмологии, геотермии и защиты от стихийных бедствий.