The Kamchatka branch of geophysical survey of RAS (KB GS RAS) is carry out a monitoring of activity of active volcanoes with the purpose of estimation of volcanic danger. One of the sections of observations is the satellite monitoring of thermal anomalies and ash plumes. They are based on a treatment and interpretation of satellite data information of AVHRR sensor of NOAA 16 and 17 satellites. The seismic monitoring is the main parameter for the volcano eruptions precursor as the most informative and authoritative method, because the quality of the seismic data is independent of the weather conditions. The seismic monitoring of the Bezymianny volcano is sometimes impossible or wrong. For the technical reasons or when strong seismic activity at the Klyuchevskoy volcano obscures the seismic data for the Bezymianny. So, the satellite monitoring of the thermal anomalies and research of its parameters are allows us to make a short-dated forecast for the Bezymianny volcano eruptions. The main aim of this article is an investigation of the thermal anomalies temperatures as a short-dated precursor for the Bezymianny volcano eruptions. There were 10 eruptions of the Bezymianny volcano in 2002-2007. The "normal", "higher" and "emergency" levels of anomaly temperatures with an allowance for the seasons of the year were separated. We separated such forecasting anomalies temperature values: "normal level" - is a temperature range, wherein the volcano activity on the ground level; "higher level" - is a temperature range, wherein the volcano prepare for any event (large rock fall, ash plume or eruption); "emergency level" - is temperature range, wherein the eruption will happen in the next 1-4 days. There are some criteria were mark out as a results of our researches. These criteria allow us to know the current status of volcano in presence using satellite data. The got information is compared with seismic, visual and video data, that allows us to trace the process of preparation of volcano to eruption much high-quality. The research results of the thermal anomaly temperatures are using as a secondary parameter to the seismic data for the Bezymianny volcano eruption precursor.

Вулканические процессы — это не только катастрофы, несущие гибель. Стала очевидной их созидающая роль. В огне вулканов рождаются горы, хребты, острова в Мировом океане. Вулканы дают ключ к познанию жизни глубин Земли, к изучению богатств ее недр. Изучение этих грозных явлений сделало возможным их прогнозирование, разработку мер защиты от них.
Книга предназначена для слушателей народных университетов естественнонаучных знаний.

Water plays an extremely important role in volcanism: it acts as an evacuator of viscous melts in a variety of ways, which is ensured by the presence of relevant properties of its phase states, which successively changing with the fall of the environmental parameters. In this sense, the supercritical (fluid) state of water is especially significant. The paper provides a summary of fluid properties that are unique in many ways. The properties determine the relationship between water fluid and silicate melt, which in turn explains the cause of volcanic phenomena and the course of eruptions: explosions of different power, the emergence of the so-called fluidized mass, scorching clouds, landslides and breakthroughs on the slopes, the formation of ignimbrites, as well as the mechanism of gas transport to the foot of volcanoes. Both by role and quantity, water is the main volcanic substance, which together with the silicate melt constitutes magma.

На основании многолетнего детального изучения эволюции вулканизма на Курильских островах автором сделаны оценки количества твердых, жидких и газооб­разных продуктов, извергнутых вулканами в процессе развития островной дуги. Рассмотрена роль вулканиз­ма в формировании континентальной коры на месте океанической. В заключение предложена вулканиче­ская гипотеза образования земной коры, гидросферы и атмосферы.