Вулкан Эбеко. Библиография
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Melekestsev I.V., Dvigalo V.N., Kirianov V.Yu., Kurbatov A.V., Nesmachnyi I.A. Ebeko volcano, Kuril Islands: eruptive history and potential volcanic hazards. Part II // Volcanology and Seismology. 1994. Vol. 15. № 4. P. 411-430.
   Аннотация
Consequences of the Ebeko eruptions in the 17th-20th centuries have been reconstructed, using historical records, tephrochronological study, and air photographs. It is shown that all eruptions were phreatic and phreatomagmatic with a heat source of a strongly heated dike-sill complex of more than 1 km3 volume. It is supposed that the main potential hazard for Severo-Kurilsk city and adjacent area may be connected with large-volume lahar flows along the Kuzminka and Matrosskaya Rivers, which are sourced on Ebeko Volcano. Lesser hazard is expected from ashfalls of this and other volcanoes of the north Kurils and south Kamchatka. -from Journal summary
Melnikov Dmitry, Malik N., Kotenko T., Inguaggiato Salvatore, Zelenski M. A New Estimate of Gas Emissions from Ebeko Volcano, Kurile Islands // Goldschmidt Conference. 26 June - 1 July, Yokohama, Japan. 2016. P. 2047
   Аннотация
Concentrations and emission rates of major gas species were measured in August 2015 at Ebeko volcano, a quiescently degassing andesitic volcano on Paramushir Island, Northern Kuriles. Using mobile and scanning DOAS measurements we estimated SO 2 emission from the active crater of the volcano at 100 +36/-15 t/d. Based on the comparison of plume areas of individual fumaroles, ca. 90% of the total gas emission from Ebeko in 2015 was provided by a single powerful vent (" Active Funnel " fumarole) and the rest was shared among low-temperature fumaroles. At the time of measurements, gases from the main fumarole had temperature from 420 to 490 °C and composition close to the average arc gas [1], as shown in Table. Gas species CO2 SO2 H2S HCl H2O T, °C mmol/mol Main fumarole 27.9 23.5 6.1 5.6 936 420 Low-temp. jets 92.2 2.62 0.68 1.6 902 <120 Low-temperature fumaroles (<120 °C) emitted gas enriched in CO 2 (up to 28 mol%, 9.2 mol% on average). Such CO 2 enrichment together with depletion in HCl and sulfur species can be explained by scrubbing of soluble gas species by a well-developed hydrothermal system which discharges ultra-acid SO 4-Cl waters [2]. A weighted-average estimate of the total gas+vapor emission from the Ebeko summit provided 1470 t/d, which includes ~ 101 t/d SO2, ~ 110 t/d CO2, ~ 14 t/d H2S and HCl, and 1230 t/d of water vapour with > 50% of the magmatic component. The gas fluxes measured in August 2015 using DOAS fall into the range of previous measurements made from 1960 to 2012 that used direct methods [2] and correspond to the moderate degassing rate of the volcano.
Menyailov I.A., Nikitina L.P., Shapar V.N. Results of geochemical monitoring of the activity of Ebeko volcano (Kurile Islands) used for eruption prediction // Journal of Geodynamics. 1985. Vol. 3. № 3-4. P. 259 - 274. doi: 10.1016/0264-3707(85)90038-9.
   Аннотация
The monitoring of the state of active volcanoes, carried out using different parameters, including geochemical, is very important for studies of deep processes and geodynamics. All changes which occur within the crater before eruptions reflect the magma activation and depend on the deep structure of volcano. This paper gives the results of prolonged monitoring of Ebeko volcano, located in the contact zone between the oceanic and continental plates (the Kurile Island Arc). The geochemical method has been used as the basis for eruption prediction because the increase in the activity of the Ebeko in the period from 1963 to 1967 that ended in a phreatic eruption was not preceded by seismic preparation. Investigations carried out at Ebeko volcano give evidence that change of all the chosen geochemical parameters is a prognostic indicator of a forthcoming eruption. This change depends on the type of eruption, and the deep structure and hydrodynamic regime of the volcano.
Ostapenko V.F., Fedorchenko V.I., Shilov V.N. Pumices, ignimbrites and rhyolites from the Great Kurile Arc // Bulletin Volcanologique. 1967. Vol. 30. Vol. 1. P. 81-92. 12 p. doi:10.1007/BF02597658.
Siebert L., Simkin T., Kimberly P. Volcanoes of the World. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2010. 568 p.
   Аннотация
This impressive scientific resource presents up-to-date information on ten thousand years of volcanic activity on Earth. In the decade and a half since the previous edition was published new studies have refined assessments of the ages of many volcanoes, and several thousand new eruptions have been documented. This edition updates the book's key components: a directory of volcanoes active during the Holocene; a chronology of eruptions over the past ten thousand years; a gazetteer of volcano names, synonyms, and subsidiary features; an extensive list of references; and an introduction placing these data in context. This edition also includes new photographs, data on the most common rock types forming each volcano, information on population densities near volcanoes, and other features, making it the most comprehensive source available on Earth's dynamic volcanism.
Taran Yuri, Zelenski Mikhail, Chaplygin Ilya, Malik Natalia, Campion Robin, Inguaggiato Salvatore, Pokrovsky Boris, Kalacheva Elena, Melnikov Dmitry, Kazahaya Ryunosuke, Fischer Tobias Gas Emissions From Volcanoes of the Kuril Island Arc (NW Pacific): Geochemistry and Fluxes // Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 2018. Vol. 19. Vol. 6. P. 1859-1880. doi: 10.1029/2018GC007477.
   Аннотация
The Kuril Island arc extending for about 1,200 km from Kamchatka Peninsula to Hokkaido Island is a typical active subduction zone with ∼40 historically active subaerial volcanoes, some of which are persistently degassing. Seven Kurilian volcanoes (Ebeko, Sinarka, Kuntomintar, Chirinkotan, Pallas, Berg, and Kudryavy) on six islands (Paramushir, Shiashkotan, Chirinkotan, Ketoy, Urup, and Iturup) emit into the atmosphere > 90% of the total fumarolic gas of the arc. During the field campaigns in 2015–2017 direct sampling of fumaroles, MultiGas measurements of the fumarolic plumes and DOAS remote determinations of the SO2 flux were conducted on these volcanoes. Maximal temperatures of the fumaroles in 2015–2016 were 510°C (Ebeko), 440°C (Sinarka), 260°C (Kuntomintar), 720°C (Pallas), and 820°C (Kudryavy). The total SO2 flux (in metric tons per day) from fumarolic fields of the studied volcanoes was measured as ∼1,800 ± 300 t/d, and the CO2 flux is estimated as 1,250 ± 400 t/d. Geochemical characteristics of the sampled gases include δD and δ18O of fumarolic condensates, δ13C of CO2, δ34S of the total sulfur, ratios 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar, concentrations of the major gas species, and trace elements in the volcanic gas condensates. The mole ratios C/S are generally <1. All volcanoes of the arc, except the southernmost Mendeleev and Golovnin volcanoes on Kunashir Island, emit gases with 3He/4He values of >7RA (where RA is the atmospheric 3He/4He). The highest 3He/4He ratios of 8.3RA were measured in fumaroles of the Pallas volcano (Ketoy Island) in the middle of the arc.
VONA/KVERT Information Releases. 2005.
Volcano observatory notification to aviation (VONA/KVERT). 2011.
Walter Thomas, Belousov Alexander, Belousova Marina, Kotenko Tatiana, Auer Andreas The 2019 Eruption Dynamics and Morphology at Ebeko Volcano Monitored by Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Field Stations // Remote Sensing. 2020. Vol. 12. № 12(1961). doi: 10.3390/rs12121961.
Апродов В.А. Вулканы. М.: Мысль. 1982. 367 с.
   Аннотация
Справочник содержит характеристику около трех тысяч вулканов земного шара, сгруппированных по вулканическим поясам и другим районам проявления вулканизма. Этим поясам и районам предшествует их общая геолого-географическая характеристика. Сведения о вулканах включают географическое положение, морфологию, геологическую структуру, активность и т.д. Книга рассчитана не только на специалистов, но и на более широкий круг читателей.