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Kalacheva Elena, Taran Yuri, Kotenko Tatiana Geochemistry and solute fluxes of volcano-hydrothermal systems of Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands // Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 2015. Vol. 296. P. 40-54. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.03.010.
   Аннотация
Shiashkotan Island belongs to the Northern Kuril island arc and consists of two joined volcanoes, Sinarka and
Kuntomintar, with about 18 km of distance between the summits. Both volcanoes are active, with historic
eruptions, and both emit fumarolic gases. Sinarka volcano is degassing through the extrusive domewith inaccessible
strong and hot (N400 °C) fumaroles. A large fumarolic field of the Kuntomintar volcano situated in a wide
eroded caldera-like crater hosts many fumarolic vents with temperatures from boiling point to 480 °C. Both
volcanoes are characterized by intense hydrothermal activity discharging acid SO4-Cl waters, which are drained
to the Sea of Okhotsk by streams. At least 4 groups of near-neutral Na-Mg-Ca-Cl-SO4 springs with temperatures in
the range of 50–80 °C are located at the sea level,within tide zones and discharge slightly altered diluted seawater.
Volcanic gas of Kuntomintar as well as all types of hydrothermal manifestations of both volcanoes were collected
and analyzed for major and trace elements and water isotopes. Volcanic gases are typical for arc volcanoes
with 3He/4He corrected for air contamination up to 6.4 Ra (Ra=1.4 ×10−6, the air ratio) and δ13C (CO2) within
−10‰to−8‰VPDB. Using a saturation indices approach it is shown that acid volcanic waters are formed at a
shallow level, whereas waters of the coastal springs are partially equilibrated with rocks at ~180 °C. Trace
element distribution and concentrations and the total REE depend on the water type, acidity and Al+Fe concentration.
The REE pattern for acidic waters is unusual but similar to that found in some acidic crater lake waters.
The total hydrothermal discharge of Cl and S from the island associated with volcanic activity is estimated at
ca. 20 t/d and 40 t/d, respectively, based on the measurements of flow rates of the draining streams and
their chemistry. The chemical erosion of the island by surface and thermal waters is estimated at 27 and 140
ton/km2/year, respectively, which is 2–3 times lower than chemical erosion of tropical volcanic islands.
Kalacheva Elena, Taran Yuri, Kotenko Tatiana, Hattori Keiko, Kotenko Leonid, Solis-Pichardo Gabriela Volcano–hydrothermal system of Ebeko volcano, Paramushir, Kuril Islands: Geochemistry and solute fluxes of magmatic chlorine and sulfur // Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 2016. Vol. 310. P. 118-131. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.11.006.
   Аннотация
Ebeko volcano at the northern part of Paramushir Island in the Kuril island arc produces frequent phreatic eruptions and relatively strong fumarolic activity at the summit area ~ 1000 m above sea level (asl). The fumaroles are characterized by low-temperature, HCl- and S-rich gas and numerous hyper-acid pools (pH < 1) without drains. At ~ 550 m asl, in the Yurieva stream canyon, many hot (up to 87 °C) springs discharge ultra-acidic (pH 1–2) SO4–Cl water into the stream and finally into the Sea of Okhotsk. During quiescent stages of degassing, these fumaroles emit 1000–2000 t/d of water vapor, < 20 t/d of SO2 and < 5 t/d of HCl. The measurement of acidic hot Yurieva springs shows that the flux of Cl and S, 60–80 t/d each, is independent on the volcanic activity in the last two decades. Such high flux of Cl is among the highest ever measured in a volcano–hydrothermal system. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of water and Cl concentration for Yurieva springs show an excellent positive correlation, indicating a mixing between meteoric water and magmatic vapor. In contrast, volcanic gas condensates of Ebeko fumaroles do not show a simple mixing trend but rather a complicated data suggesting evaporation of the acidic brine. Temperatures calculated from gas compositions and isotope data are similar, ranging from 150 to 250 °C, which is consistent with the presence of a liquid aquifer below the Ebeko fumarolic fields. Saturation indices of non-silicate minerals suggest temperatures ranging from 150 to 200 °C for Yurieva springs. Trace elements (including REE) and Sr isotope composition suggest congruent dissolution of the Ebeko volcanic rocks by acidic waters. Waters of Yurieva springs and waters of the summit thermal fields (including volcanic gas condensates) are different in Cl/SO4 ratios and isotopic compositions, suggesting complicated boiling–condensation–mixing processes.
Kamenetsky V.S., Belousov A.B., Sharygin V.V., Zhitova L.M., Ehrig K., Zelensky M. High-temperature gold-copper extraction with chloride flux in lava tubes of Tolbachik volcano (Kamchatka) // Terra Nova. 2019. Vol. 31. № 6. P. 511-517. doi: 10.1111/ter.12420.
Kardanova O. F., Dubrovskaya I. K., Murav’ev Ya. D. Thermal anomalies on Savich Cone, Kikhpinych Volcano, Kamchatka: IR surveys and land-based observations for 30 years (1982 through 2012) // Journal of Volcanology and Seismology. 2015. Vol. 9. № 6. P. 368-377. doi:10.1134/S0742046315060032.
Karpov G.A., Miller Yu.M., Zavarzin G.A. The composition of air and spontaneous gases in the Death Valley in Kamchatka // Volcanology and Seismology. 1987. № 5. P. 481-485.
Kashnitskii A.V., Burtsev M.A., Girina O.A., Loupian E.A., Zlatopolsky A. Satellite data interactive analysis tools in the VolSatView volcanoes monitoring system // JKASP-2018. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: IVS FEB RAS. 2018.
Kersting Annie B., Arculus Richard J. Pb isotope composition of Klyuchevskoy volcano, Kamchatka and North Pacific sediments: Implications for magma genesis and crustal recycling in the Kamchatkan arc // Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 1995. Vol. 136. № 3–4. P. 133 - 148. doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(95)00196-J.
   Аннотация
Pb isotope data are used to constrain the chemical contribution of the subducted components in the recycling beneath Klyuchevskoy volcano, the most active volcano in the Kamchatkan arc. The Pb isotope ratios of Klyuchevskoy basalts (206Pb/204Pb= 18.26–18.30, 207/Pb204Pb= 15.45–15.48, 208/Pb204Pb= 37.83–37.91) define a narrow range that falls within the Pacific mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) field and are among the least radiogenic island arc basalts measured to date. These data are similar to data from three other Quaternary Kamchatkan volcanoes: Tolbachik, Kumroch-Shish, and Maly Semiachik. In contrast, North Pacific sediments (primarily siliceous oozes) collected parallel to the Kamchatkan trench during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 145, have Pb isotope ratios (206Pb/204Pb= 18.51–18.78, 207Pb/204Pb= 15.56–15.64, 208Pb/204Pb= 38.49–38.75) that are more radiogenic than either the Klyuchevskoy basalts or Pacific MORB. Incorporation of even a small amount of sediment in the source of the Klyuchevskoy magmas would shift the Pb isotope ratios of the erupted basalts from the MORB field to more radiogenic values. The absence of 10Be and elevated Pb isotope ratios in the Kamchatkan volcanic lavas, despite the presence of distinctively radiogenic Pb in the North Pacific sediments makes it unlikely that sediments or sediment-derived fluids are involved in the source magmas beneath Kamchatka. The Kamchatkan arc thus represents an “end-member” whereby little or no sediment is involved in terms of elemental recycling and arc magma genesis. The major and trace elements, Pb, Sr and Nd isotope data of the Kamchatkan basalts are most consistently explained if derived from a fluid-fluxed, peridotitic mantle wedge source, wherein the fluid composition is dominantly controlled by dehydration of altered oceanic crust, imparting a radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr, and MORB-like Pb isotope signature to the mantle source. The erupted Klyuchevskoy lavas preserve a slab signature derived from incompatible elements that are strongly partitioned into the fluid. The 30 km of arc crust through which the Klyuchevskoy magmas traverse prior to eruption is not composed of older crust, but must be juvenile, similar in isotopic composition to MORB.
Khrenov A.P., Anan'ev V.V., Baluev E.Yu., Litasov N.E., Ozerov A.Yu. Petrology of Products Erupted from Klyuchevskoi Volcano (Predskazannyi Eruption, 1983) // Volcanology and Seismology. 1988. Vol. 7. № 1. P. 63-94.
Khrenov A.P., Ozerov A.Yu., Litasov N.E., Slezin Yu.B., Murav’ev Ya.D., Zharinov N.A. Parasitic eruption of Klyuchevskoy volcano (Predskazanny eruption, 1983) // Volcanology and Seismology. 1988. Vol. 7. P. 1-24.
Khubaeva Olga, Bergal-Kuvikas Olga, Sidorov M.D. Identification of Ruptures and their Interaction with Hydrothermal–Magmatic Systems on Northern Paramushir Isl. (Kuril Islands, Russia): 3D Modeling of Tectonic Fragmentation // Geotecton. 2020. № 54. P. 785-796. doi: 10.1134/S0016852120060072.