Studies of Klyuchevskoy Volcano eruptions have revealed a new type of explosive activity classified as pulsating spouting of incandescent bombs. These are series of abrupt impulses of increased rate of bomb ejection which occur at fixed intervals of first few seconds and accompany the weaker spouting. Analyses of published data and video records has shown that the same type of eruptive activity is typical for Tolbachinsky, Kilauea and Etna volcanoes which produce liquid andesite-basaltic magmas. In order to investigate the mechanism of pulsating spouting, authors upgraded the Complex Apparatus for Modeling Basaltic Eruptions (KAMBE) that had been designed earlier. A series of laboratory experiments in a transparent column (h = 16.6 м, Ø = 50 mm) allowed us to reveal a new gas-hydrodynamic regime of foamy bubble clusters. Analysis of natural volcanic and laboratory processes allows assuming that pulsating spouting of incandescent bombs is preceded by the regime of foamy bubble clusters occurring in the gas-liquid magmatic flow ascending along a volcano conduit.

At the beginning of the XXI century, increased eruptive activity of the largest volcanoes of the Northern group of Kamchatka is observed: Sheveluch, Klyuchevskoy, Bezymianny and Tolbachinskay fissure zone. The features of growth of andesitic Sheveluch volcano extrusive dome are noted: the height of the dome has reached 600 m during 38 years of almost continuous eruptive activity. After an eight-year period of relative rest, nine terminal eruptions and two lateral breakthroughs of the Klyuchevskoy basalt volcano occurred. Explosive-effusive eruptions of the andesitic Bezymianny volcano were observed almost annually. After 36 years of rest, a new eruption occurred in the Tolbachinsky regional fissure zone.

По данным исландских вулканологов описано современное извержение вулкана Эйяфьятль, которое вызвало мощнейший транспортный коллапс в Европе. Выделено три этапа извержения: 20 марта – эффузивно-эксплозивный, 13–20 апреля и 1–21 мая – фреатомагматические. В результате взаимодействия магматических расплавов с кальдерным ледником происходило образование значительных объемов тонкодисперсного вулканического пепла, который переносился воздушными массами на расстояние более 4 тыс. км.