Modern scientists suppose that the Earth may be one whole “living” formation and all its
phenomena are closely connected. To reveal and research the peculiarities of the geodynamic
movements we made the database. It includes all known data on earthquakes and volcano eruptions of
the Earth. We used the volume of the erupted products to characterize the “energy” of eruption. Not
less than 80-90% of all eruptions and earthquakes occur within the Pacific margin. We collected new
data on earthquakes migration for this region and revealed that volcano eruptions are also apt to
migrate. It turned out that the migrational rates of the strongest earthquakes and eruptions are
comparable in series of their value rates. This fact allows suggesting that the migrational waves of
seismic and volcanic activity display the greater global geodynamic process. This process has different
“colours” in different geophysical fields.
The data allows using the obtained space-time peculiarities of distribution for the seismic and volcanic
activity as the basis for the more general geodynamic model.

"Общая геологическая характеристика района" — также дана "Схематическая карта Ключевской группы вулканов";
"Организация Камчатской вулканостанции, ее задачи в прошлом и в настоящее время";
"Современные извержения Ключевского вулкана" — также дана "Схема расположения побочных прорывов Ключевского вулкана";
"Научные экскурсии":
"Маршрут № 1. Город Ключи" — также дан рисунок "Положение маркирующих горизонтов шивелучских пеплов в разрезах почвенно-пирокластических чехлов Ключевской группы вулканов";
"Маршрут № 2. Город Ключи — стационар «Подкова»" — также дана "Схема вулканических образований района стационара «Подкова»";
"Маршрут № 3. Город Ключи — стационар «Апахончич»" — также даны: рисунок "Опорный разрез почвенно-пирокластического чехла у стационара «Апахончич»" и "Схема вулканических образований в районе стационара «Апахончич»";
"Маршрут № 4. К вулкану Безымянному" — также дан рисунок "Вулкан Безымянный и отложения извержения 1956 г."

Four Plinian eruptions from Ksudach volcano ha' been reconstructed and dated by the 14C method. Three collapse calderas formed as a resu of these eruptions: KSi and caldera V 1700-1800 yrs ago; KS2 + KS3 and caldera IV 6000- 6100 yrs ago; KS4 and caldera III 8700-8800 yrs ago. KSi was the most voluminous eruptio with 18-19 km of pyroclastics and column height reaching 23 km. The volume of produci of KS2 + KS3 was 10-11 km3 and that of KS4, at least 1.5-1.7 km3. Sizes of calderas wer as follows: V - 4 X 6.5 km, IV - 5x5 km, III - presumably 2-3 km across. The juveni pyroclastics were supplied during eruptions rather rhythmically. Each rhythm began wil tephra ejection and completed with the formation of pyroclastic flows. The composition < products varied from andesited to rhyodacites: KS2 and KS4 - andesites dominated, KS3 - dacites and rhyodacites, and KSi - rhyodacites. It is possible that "the mechanism triggering onsets of all caldera-forming eruptions was the intrusion of very hot fresh magma of basi composition and its mixing with less hotter acid magma in the magma chamber existe previously. The eruptions, in accordance with their scales, may have had an impact on clima and ozone layer of the Earth. It is likely that the large acidity peaks in Greenland ice cor* result from these eruptions.

The largest Plinian eruption of our era and the latest caldera-forming eruption in the Kurile-Kamchatka region occurred 1700-1800 14C yr BP from the Ksudach volcano. This catastrophic explosive eruption is similar in type and characteristics to the 1883 Krakatau eruption. The volume of pyroclastics ejected was 18-19 km3, including 15 km3 of tephra and 3-4 km of pyroclastic flows. The eruptive column reached 23 km height. A collapse caldera was 4 X 6,5 km in size with a cavity volume of 6.5-7 km3. Tephra was deposited to the north of the volcano to a distance of more than 1000 km. Pyroclastic flows accompanied by ash cloud pyroclastic surges were as long as 20 km. The eruption was first phreatomagmatic, then it became rhythmic, and each rhythm began with the pumiceous tephra eruption followed by the pyroclastic flow formation. Erupted products were rhyolite-dacite remaining invariable during the whole eruption. At the post-caldera stage when the Shtyubel cone started to form within the caldera the basaltic-andesite material began to come to the surface. The driving mechanism of the onset of the eruption is suggested to be an intrusion of magma of basic composition and its mixing with acid magma from a previously existed chamber. The eruption had substantial environmental impact and may have produced a large acidity peak in the Greenland glacial shield.

The problem with existing of the Atlantis and its position is still debatable. A.A. Gorodnitsky (2006) suggested that it was situated at the top of the Amper sea-mountain, but it is also seems to be unlikely. More realistic version is the Atlantis was situated at an island within a seismically active western shelf of Iberian peninsula. This zone is characterized with a large number of giant underwater block-sliding, so-called allochthons as well as smaller landslides. The largest of them has a size of 180x300 km. We suppose it was slided down the sea during some seismic catastrophe and carried the Atlantis, situated atop of this block, under the water.

We studied the tectonic setting, morphology, geological structure, the history of eruptive activity and the evolution of the composition of the erupted material of Kizimen volcano (Kamchatka) from the moment of its origination (12-11 thousand years ago) to the present time. Four cycles 2-3,5 thousand years long each were distinguished that characterize the activity of the volcano. All largest eruptions were dated, their parameters determined. We also estimated the volume and the mase of the erupted products, volcanic intensity of evacuation of material during-periods of high activity and productivity of the volcano at different stages of its formation. It has been shown that evolution of the composition of the rocks erupted (from dacite to basaltic andesite) takes place as a result of mixing of dacitic and basaltic magma. It is proposed that future eruptions that may take place at Kizimen will be similar to those at Bandai (1888) and Mount St. Helens (1980) volcanoes.

Рассмотрена проблема выявления и диагностики действующих и потенциально активных многоактных вулканов, других потенциально активных вулканических образований (региональных зон шлаковых конусов, полей ареального вулканизма, полей концентрированного многовыходного экструзивного вулканизма, кальдер, подводных эруптивных центров в море) Курило-Камчатской островной дуги и Командорского звена Алеутской островной дуги, а также ее состояние на конец 2007 г. Выделены и проанализированы три этапа исследований действующих и потенциально активных вулканических образований этого региона: ранний (1697-1934 гг.), новый (1935-1962 гг.) и незавершенный, новейший (1963 г. - настоящее время). Дано новое, впервые научно обоснованное, определение термина "действующий вулкан". Представлены модифицированные, по сравнению с ранее существовавшими, каталоги действующих и потенциально активных вулканических форм Камчатки и Курильских островов. Для типичных многоактных вулканов, находящихся в I (активной) и II (пассивной) стадиях развития, даны долгосрочный прогноз характера и параметров будущих извержений, связанной с ними вулканической опасности.