Golovnin volcano forms a very gentle cone with a diameter of more than 10 km with a strongly truncated peak. At the top there is a caldera with a diameter of 4-4.5 km, the crest of which has a height of 300 - 400 m, the inner walls are relatively flat - no steeper than 25-28 °. The diameter of the bottom of the modern caldera is about 3 km. The northern part of it is occupied by a caldera lake 1 x 2.5 km in size. On the border of the lake and the elevated section of the bottom of the caldera in the latitudinal direction, there are two extrusive domes with a relative height above the lake level of 130 m. Western extrusion was opened in the north by a small explosive crater in which solfatars operate. At the foot of eastern extrusion, an explosive crater with a diameter of 350 m is located on the south side, it is partially cut into the slope of the dome, and partially into the adjacent section of the bottom of the caldera, the crater is occupied by the hot Lake Kipyashchee. In the caldera there are also the Podushechny domes (at the western shore of the lake) and Krutoy (at the southern edge of the caldera bottom), and Vneshniy dome is on its slope.
References
Горшков Г.С. Вулканизм Курильской островной дуги / Отв. ред. Рудич К.Н. М.: Наука. 1967. 288 с.  |
