The monograph presents various data about the volcanoes of Kamchatka and describes the possibilities of studying them based on the integrated use of remote sensing, ground-based observation and numerical simulation methods and technologies. Considerable attention is paid to the construction and application of the information systems that today provide operational monitoring and studies of volcanic activity, which have been jointly developed in the recent years by the experts from the Institute of Volcanology and Seismology of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IVS FEB RAS) (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky), Space Research Institute RAS (Moscow), Computing Center FEB RAS (Khabarovsk) and the Far East Branch of the Research Center “Planetа” (Khabarovsk). The results of complex studies of explosive volcanic eruptions and the potential hazards of the Kamchatkan active volcanoes to the population and aviation are presented which are obtained by the scientists of IVS FEB RAS, particularly exploring the new methods, technologies and systems described in the monograph.

В 2013 г. в состоянии извержения находились шесть вулканов Камчатки (Шивелуч, Ключевской, Толбачик, Кизимен, Карымский, Жупановский). Кроме этого, эксплозивное событие произошло на вулкане Мутновский, наблюдалась повышенная фумарольная активность вулканов Авачинский, Безымянный, Горелый и Мутновский.

Seismic activity at Koryaksky volcano has started to increase since March 2008. A fumarole on the western flank of the volcano was observed in late October. On 22 December the satellite images revealed first ash plumes drifted NE for 200 km. The increased activity of the volcano was registered in March-April and August 2009. For these periods volcano has produced numerous gas plumes with various amount of ash drifted primarily E and W for 600 km.

There are 36 active volcanoes in Kamchatka and Northern Kuriles, from 3 to 8 volcano eruptions occur here every year. Daily satellite monitoring of volcanoes has been performed by the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) since 1997 in cooperation with colleagues from the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA). Since 2002, KVERT scientists have processing and analyzing primary images of satellite systems NOAA (AVHRR), TERRA and AQUA (MODIS), etc. in close–to–real time to detect ash plumes and thermal anomalies on active volcanoes. The multiparameter analysis of the available published information about volcanoes, as well as visual and satellite data obtained by KVERT scientists during 24 years of daily monitoring of volcanic activity, made it possible to identify the main features of the activity at each of the active volcanoes and assess their degree of danger for air transportation and population of the peninsula. With the creation in 2011 of the information system “Remote monitoring activity of volcanoes of Kamchatka and the Kuriles (VolSatView)”, volcanologists opportunity have the opportunities that have no analogues in the world to conduct satellite observations of active volcanoes. VolSatView combines a wide range of data from various satellite systems coming from different sources and allows us to process operational and retrospective satellite information directly in the web–interface by means of specially created tools, to compare it with video information, to simulate ash plumes propagation, to classify various volcanogenic objects and etc. VolSatView enables to solve problems at different levels — from on–line monitoring of volcanoes activity to the fundamental problems in volcanology. The character of volcanic activity changes and the actuality of solving the problem of “how the volcano works” remain. To accomplish this task and for searching precursors of explosive volcanic eruptions, it is necessary to continue long–term remote observations of the volcanoes in the region; to study changes in their activity with time; to compare behavior of volcanoes supplying the eruptive products of similar and contrast compositions to the earth surface.

The given work is devoted results of studying extremely interesting on the mechanism of activity of the Koryak Volcano eruption occurring since December, 2008 on the beginning of 2010. This eruption it is possible to characterize as weak explosive gas-ashed. Similar activity, considering that it is some to the previous eruption of a volcano in 1956-1957гг, it is possible to allocate in separate fumarolic or Koryak type of eruption.
Key words: a volcano, eruption, volcanic gases, volcanic ashes, fumarolla, infra-red survey