This paper presents the results from a study of ash compositions that were erupted in 2013–2016.
The juvenile component has been identified in the ejecta using data on the morphology and textural features of ash particles and the composition of volcanic glasses. The data set suggests that the activity of the volcano was phreatomagmatic.

The first historical eruption of Kambalny volcano began on March 24, 2017 with the powerful ash emission from the summit crater reaching as high as 6 km above sea level. The explosive activity continued without interruption from March 24 to March 30. The most powerful ash emission was registered on March 25–26, when the ash plume drifted several thousand kilometers SW, S, and SE from the volcano. On April 2 and April 9, after several calm days, powerful ash explosions occurred generating ash plumes up to 7 km high. The area of the land and sea over which the ash plume drifted during the day of March 25, was 650000 km2; the area of the ash accumulation on the land that was formed from March 24 to April 9, exceeded 1500 km2. These parameters were measured using the satellite-based data in the VolSatView information system. Domination of the silty fraction and the presence of secondary minerals (pyrite, gypsum, sulfur, and others) in the ash point to the phreatic character of the volcanic eruption.

Airborne volcanic ash is one of the most common, far-travelled, direct hazards associated with explosive volcanic eruptions worldwide. Management of volcanic ash cloud hazards often requires coordinated efforts of meteorological, volcanological, and aviation authorities from multiple countries. These international collaborations during eruptions pose particular challenges due to variable crisis response protocols, uneven agency responsibilities and technical capacities, language differences, and the expense of travel to establish and maintain relationships over the long term. This report introduces some of the recent efforts in enhancing international cooperation and collaboration in the Northern Pacific region.

AAbstract—Numerous summit and parasitic eruptions of moderate potassium magnesian and high-alumina basalts and basaltic andesites, their mineralogic and geochemical features, and the composition of in situ chilled melt inclusions in the olivine of cinder lapilli discharged by Klyuchevskoi Volcano all provide evidence of the presence of magma chambers beneath the volcano. This is also supported by a dualism in the variation of CaO and A1203 concentrations in olivine and clinopyroxene during crystallization. The mineralogic features in the high-alumina basalts that were discharged by all parasitic eruptions of Klyuchevskoi provide evidence of magnesian magma being emplaced from a deeper chamber into a shallow high-alumina chamber. The distribution of incoherent elements in the volcano's magnesian and aluminiferous rocks shows that they came from a single mantle source. The geochemical and mineralogic data are in good agreement with the results of geophysical surveys that concern the structure and properties of the lithosphere beneath Klyuchevskoi.

An analysis of local seismicity within the Klyuchevskoi Volcanic Cluster and Shiveluch Volcano for the period 2000–2017 revealed a sequence of plane-oriented earthquake clusters that are interpreted here as the emplacement of dikes and sills (magmatic fracking). The geometry of magma bodies reflects the geomechanical conditions in volcanic plumbing systems and at the bases of the volcanoes. Magmatic fracking within active magmatic plumbing systems results in the formation of permeable reservoirs whose vertical extent can reach 35 km (Klyuchevskoi) and can be as wide as 15 km across (Shiveluch), depending on the geomechanical condition of the host rocks. These reservoirs will be the arena of subsequent hydrothermal circulation, producing geothermal and ore fields, as well as hydrocarbon fields. TOUGH2-EOS1sc simulation tools were used to estimate the conditions for the formation of hydrothermal reservoirs at temperatures below 1200°С and pressures below 1000 bars.