This paper is concerned with the eruptions that began simultaneously in the Karymsky volcanic center, Kamchatka, in 1996 and associated phenomena. A significant earthquake swarm started occurring there on January 1, 1996 with magnitudes as high as 6.9. A monoton. summit eruption of Karymsky Volcano followed on January 2, which has continued discharging andesite-dacite lava at a rate of 0.8 t/s until March 1997 and later. Basalts were emplaced along a fissure after 28 000 years of repose producing a phreatomagmatic eruption in the Akademia Nauk caldera at pyroclastic discharge rates of over 800 t/s. The distance between the erupting vents is 6 km. Basic tnunamt. waves resulting from underwater explosions and a high tsunami were observed, a new peninsula developed in the caldera lake, the ground surface experienced an extension of more than 2,3 m, and the fresh-water caldera lake of volume 0.47 km3 was transformed into an acid one (pH 3,2). Brief information is provided on the state of the volcanic center by the late 1995, a successful prediction, and the eruptions themselves. We estimate the depth to the pressure center in the primary magma chamber (18,3 ± 0,8 km), the volume of the crustal magma chambers (400 km3), possible dimensions of the emplaced dike in the stronger crustal layers (thickness 0,7 m, length 4700 m). We discuss a likely mechanism for and relations between the observed processes and the eruptions.

Работа посвящена методике восстановления оптических параметров вулканического H2SO4 по данным радиометра AHI спутника Himawari-8. Методика основана на использовании оптических моделей для различных смесей аэрозольных компонентов вулканического облака, представленных пеплом, кристаллами льда, каплями воды и каплями H2SO4. Использование многокомпонентных оптических моделей различного аэрозольного состава позволило оценить оптическую толщину и массовое содержание H2SO4 в сернокислом облаке, образованном после извержения вулкана Карымский 3 ноября 2021 г. Был проведен комплексный анализ спектральных характеристик сернокислого облака в коротковолновом и инфракрасном диапазоне длин волн, по результатам которого установлено, что сернокислое облако преимущественно представляет собой смесь капель H2SO4 и воды.

Based on of experimental data obtained during almost 30 years period at the Kamchatka volcanic eruptions, acoustic signals in the range of 1,0-10 Hz are considered, generated immediately during the magma disebaige onto the surface due to its degassing. It is shown that the acoustic signals from this range generated by volcanic eruptions are weak shock airwaves in the nearby zone. They can be divided based on their of its impulse form and statistical parameters in to 6 types associated with different unsteady processes conditioned by magma degassing. The crater dimensions control the characteristic time of pulse of surplus pressure of volcanic shock airwaves. Acoustic signals contain information about eruption dynamics and crater geometry modifications, on the examples of terminal and lateral eruptions of the Kluchevskoi volcano in May-June, 1983. The author made estimations of explosive gas amount for three strombolian type eruptions, using acoustic signals parameters. Basis for a scientific direction – volcanic acoustics – is established.
The book is of special interest for specialists in volcanology, atmosphere acoustics and explosions.

В течение 1997-1999 гг. вблизи вулкана Карымский (∆ = 1.5 км) в рамках Российско-Американской экспедиции (начальник экспедиции с Российской стороны А.Ю. Озеров, научный руководитель Е.И. Гордеев) проводились комплексные наблюдения за сейсмическими и инфразвуковыми волнами, сопровождавшими эксплозивную активность вулкана. Регистрация сигналов осуществлялась цифровой аппаратурой с частотой дискретизации сигнала 125 Гц, амплитудно-частотные характеристики аппаратуры и ее калибровка приведены в работе [13]. В данной статье сделан предварительный анализ особенностей генерации акустических сигналов (АС) в атмосфере, сопровождавших эксплозивную деятельность вулкана.

The article presents new data from field observations at Karymskiy in August 2012, which were carried out by a complex of equipment allowing recording infrasonic fluctuations, aerodynamic noise and intensity of the atmospheric electric field and volumetric activity of underground radon. It is shown that integrated geophysical observations are quite informative to monitor explosive volcanic activity. The analysis of wave disturbances in the atmosphere (the aerodynamic noise, air shock waves) and seismic events accompanying the fragmentation of magma allow us to get an insight about the physics of the explosive process. The dynamics of volumetric activity of radon near to Karymskiy is correlated to the activity of the volcano, which indicates the perspective of such observations.